Warm Temperate Eastern Margin Climate
The Warm Temperate Eastern Margin/ China type of climate is found on the eastern margins of continents in warm temperate latitudes, just outside the tropics.
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The climate is characterized by warm, moist summer and cool, dry winter. It has comparatively more rainfall than the Mediterranean climate in the same latitudes, coming mainly in the summer.
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There is a good deal of variation in detail within the eastern margins.
These are subdivided as:
China Type:
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It is found in central and north China, including southern Japan (temperate monsoonal).
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Intense heating in ‘the heart of Asia’ sets up a region of low pressure in summer and the tropical Pacific air stream is drawn in as the rain-bearing South-East Monsoon
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In winter, a steep pressure gradient is set up between the cold interiors of Mongolia and Siberia, and the warmer Pacific coastlands. The continental polar air stream flows outwards as the North- West Monsoon, bitterly cold and very dry.
Gulf Type:
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This type of climate is found in the southeastern United States.
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It is similar to that of central China except that the monsoonal characteristics are less well established. There is no complete seasonal wind reversal, for the pressure gradient between mainland America and the Atlantic Ocean is less marked. The warm Gulf Stream and the on-shore Trade Winds help to bring about this narrow range of temperature.
Natal Type:
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It consists the entire warm temperate eastern margin (non-monsoonal areas) of the southern hemisphere including Natal (in Brazil), eastern Australia, and southern Brazil— Paraguay—Uruguay and northern Argentina.
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The narrowness of the continents and the dominance of maritime influence eliminate the monsoonal elements which characterize the corresponding climates of the north ern hemisphere.