Water Conservation Techniques
BAVARIA
- These are unique step-wells that were once a part of the ancient networks of water storage in the cities of Rajasthan.
- The little rain that the region received would be diverted to manmade tanks through canals built on the hilly outskirts of cities.
- The water would then percolate into the ground, raising the water table and recharging a deep and intricate network of aquifers.
PANAM KENI
- The Kuruma tribe (a native tribe of Wayanad, Kerala) uses a special type of well, called the Panam Keni, to store water.
- Wooden cylinders are made by soaking the stems of toddy palms in water for a long time so that the core rots away until only the hard outer layer remains.
- These cylinders, four feet in diameter as well as depth, are then immersed in groundwater springs located in fields and forests.
ZINGS
- Found in Ladakh, Zings are small tanks that collect melting glacier water.
- A network of guiding channels brings water from the glacier to the tank.
- A trickle in the morning, the melting waters of the glacier turn into a flowing stream by the afternoon. The water, collected by evening, is used in the fields on the following day.
ZABO
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The Zabo or Ruza (meaning ‘impounding run-off’) system of Nagaland combines water conservation with forestry, agriculture and animal care.
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Rainwater that falls on forested hilltops is collected by channels that deposit the run-off water in pond-like structures created on the terraced hillsides.