Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian nationalist whose patriotism for India has left an indelible mark on many Indians' hearts. His famous slogan is 'Tum Mujhe Khoon Do, Main Tumhe Aazadi Dunga,' and he is the founder of 'Azad Hind Fauj.'

Subhas Chandra Bose is widely regarded as the most powerful freedom fighter, possessing exceptional leadership abilities and a charismatic orator. 'Tum mujhe khoon do, main tumhe aazadi dunga,' 'Jai Hind,' and 'Delhi Chalo' are some of his most famous slogans. He founded Azad Hind Fauj and contributed to India's freedom struggle in a number of ways. He is known for his socialist policies and the militant approach he took to gain independence.

 

Subhas Chandra Bose was one of India's most illustrious freedom fighters.

 

Born into an affluent family in Cuttack, Bengal province. He received his education in Calcutta, where he earned a degree in philosophy. Subhas Chandra Bose was chosen for the Indian Civil Services (ICS), but he declined because he did not want to work for the British government.

 

In 1921, Bose became a member of the Indian National Congress, which was founded on December 28, 1885. He also founded the 'Swaraj' newspaper.

 

He was also the Secretary of the Bengal State Congress and the President of the All India Youth Congress. He was appointed CEO of the Calcutta Municipal Corporation in 1924. He was elected Mayor of Calcutta in 1930.

 

The Indian Struggle, written by Bose, covers the Indian independence movement from 1920 to 1942. The British government outlawed the book.

 

He was the one who coined the phrase "Jai Hind." Many people were inspired by his charisma and powerful personality to join the freedom struggle, and he continues to inspire Indians.

 

•    Association with C.R. Das: He was involved in C.R. Das' political campaign and was imprisoned with him. When C.R. Das was elected Mayor of the Calcutta Cooperation, he nominated Bose for the position of Chief Executive. In 1924, he was arrested for his political activities.

 

•    Youth organisations and trade union movements: He organised and promoted youth organisations and trade union movements. In the same year that he was elected Mayor of Calcutta, he was also elected President of the AITUC.

 

•    He was associated with the Congress because he stood for unqualified swaraj (independence) and opposed the Motilal Nehru Report, which advocated for India's dominion status.

 

•    He took part in the 1930 Salt Satyagraha and was a vocal opponent of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact's suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement and signing of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact in 1931.

 

•    Along with Jawaharlal Nehru and M.N. Roy, he was closely associated with left-wing politics in Congress in the 1930s.

 

•    The congress passed far-reaching radical resolutions in Karachi in 1931, thanks to the efforts of the left group, which declared the main Congress goal to be the socialisation of means of production while also guaranteeing fundamental rights.

 

•    President of the Congress: In 1938, Bose was elected president of the Congress in Haripura.

 

•    He won the presidential elections in Tripuri the following year, defeating Gandhi's candidate Pattabhi Sitarammayya.

 

•    Bose left Congress and founded the 'Forward Bloc' due to ideological differences with Gandhi.

 

•    The goal was to unite the political left and broaden his support base in Bengal, his home state.

 

•    When World War II broke out, he was once again imprisoned for participating in civil disobedience and placed under house arrest.

 

•    Bose manages to flee to Berlin via Peshawar and Afghanistan, thanks to the Indian National Army. He travelled to Japan and then to Burma, where he formed the Indian National Army to fight the British and liberate India with Japan's assistance.

 

•    He coined the slogans "Jai Hind" and "Dilli Chalo." Before realising his dreams, he died in a plane crash.

 

•    He died on 18th August 1945, in a plane crash in Japanese-ruled Formosa (now Taiwan).

 

Bose established the Free India Centre in Berlin and formed the Indian Legion from Indian POWs who had previously fought for the British in North Africa before being captured by Axis forces.

 

For the liberation of India, Bose sought help from Hitler and Mussolini in Europe.

 

He was assigned to the special bureau for India in Germany, which was in charge of broadcasting on the German-sponsored Azad Hind Radio.

 

On July 6, 1944, Bose addressed Mahatma Gandhi as the "Father of the Nation" on this radio.

 

Indian National Army: In July 1943, he arrived in Japanese-controlled Singapore from Germany, issued his famous 'Delhi Chalo' call, and on October 21, 1943, he announced the formation of the Azad Hind Government and the Indian National Army.

 

The INA was founded by Mohan Singh and Japanese Major Iwaichi Fujiwara and consisted of Indian prisoners of war captured by Japan during the Malayan (modern-day Malaysia) campaign and at Singapore.

 

Both Indian prisoners of war from Singapore and Indian civilians in Southeast Asia were included in the INA. Its power increased to 50,000.

 

In 1944, the INA fought allied forces inside India's borders in Imphal and Burma.

 

With the fall of Rangoon, however, the Azad Hind Government ceased to be a viable political entity.

 

A British decision to put the INA men on trial in November 1945 sparked widespread protests across the country.

 

Impact: During 1945-46, the I.N.A. experience sparked a wave of discontent in the British Indian army, culminating in the great Bombay naval strike of February 1946, which was one of the most important factors in the British decision to withdraw quickly.

 

The I.N.A. was essentially non-communal, with Muslims occupying a significant number of its officers and ranks, and it also pioneered the creation of a women's detachment named after the Rani of Jhansi.