Models Of Emotional Intelligence (ei)
The ability model, the mixed model, and the trait model are three important models of Emotional Intelligence.
1. THE ABILITY-BASED MODEL
• Emotions, according to the ability-based model, are useful sources of information that aid in making sense of and navigating the social environment.
• Individuals differ in their ability to process emotional information and their ability to connect emotional processing to broader cognition, according to the model.
• Certain adaptive behaviours are seen to demonstrate this ability.
• According to the model, EI consists of four types of abilities.
1. Detecting and deciphering emotions in faces, pictures, voices, and cultural artefacts, including the ability to recognise one's own emotions. Perceiving emotions is a fundamental aspect of emotional intelligence because it allows for all other types of emotional processing.
2. Harnessing or facilitating emotions – the ability to use emotions to help with various cognitive activities like thinking and problem-solving. The emotionally intelligent person can take full advantage of his or her changing moods to best suit the task at hand.
3. Emotional literacy – the ability to decipher emotion's language and appreciate the complexities of emotional relationships. Understanding emotions, for example, entails the ability to detect subtle differences in emotions as well as the ability to recognise and describe how emotions change over
4. Emotional management – the ability to control our own and others' emotions. As a result, the emotionally intelligent person can control their emotions, even negative ones, to achieve their objectives.
2. THE MIXED MODEL
• The Mixed Model of Emotional Intelligence is another popular Emotional Intelligence model. This model of Emotional Intelligence, developed by Daniel Goleman, is heavily focused on defining Emotional Intelligence using a wide range of skills and competencies that affect leadership performance.
• As a result, the Mixed Model is frequently used to train and evaluate management potential and skills in a corporate or other professional setting.
• Five key Emotional Intelligence constructs are outlined in the Mixed Model:
1. Self-awareness – the ability to recognise and understand one's own emotions, strengths, weaknesses, drives, values, and goals, as well as their impact on others, while relying on gut feelings to make decisions.
2. Self-regulation / Self-management entails controlling or redirecting disruptive emotions and impulses, as well as adapting to changing circumstances.
3. Social ability – the ability to manage relationships to move people in the desired direction
4. Empathy – taking into account the feelings of others, especially when making decisions.
5. Motivation – the desire to succeed solely for the sake of succeeding.
• Within each construct of EI, Goleman includes a set of emotional competencies. Emotional competencies are learned capabilities that must be worked on and can be developed to achieve exceptional performance. Individuals are born with general emotional intelligence, according to Goleman, which determines their ability to learn emotional competencies.
• The ability to express or release one's inner feelings is referred to as emotional competence (emotions). Emotional capital refers to a person's set of personal and social-emotional competencies that serve as a resource for personal, professional, and organisational development, as well as contributing to social cohesion and personal, social, and economic success.
• Emotional capital should also be taken seriously by public and educational policymakers and businesses because of its impact on performance (at work), well-being (life satisfaction, health, etc.) and social cohesion and citizenship.
3. THE TRAIT MODEL
• Konstantin Vasily Petrides is the creator of this model. It distinguishes emotional intelligence from emotional intelligence as an ability-based construct by stating that people have emotional traits or emotional self-perceptions as part of their personality.
• Trait emotional intelligence is defined as a set of emotional self-perceptions found at the bottom of personality hierarchies that can be measured using the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire.
• Trait EI refers to a person's self-perceptions of their emotional abilities in layman's terms. In contrast to competencies, mental abilities, or facilitators, the trait EI facets are personality traits.
• This definition of EI includes behavioural tendencies and self-perceived abilities, and it is self-reported, as opposed to the ability-based model, which refers to actual abilities that have proven difficult to measure scientifically.
• EI as a trait should be investigated within the context of a personality framework. Emotional experience is inherently subjective, according to trait EI. The Goleman model is subsumed by the trait EI model, which is more general.
• Trait emotional self-efficacy is another name for the same construct. The extent or strength of one's belief in one's ability to complete tasks and achieve goals is known as self-efficacy.