Battle Of Plassey (1757

The Battle of Plassey (1757), which resulted in the establishment of British power in India, was a turning point in modern Indian history. Robert Clive led the East India Company in this conflict with the Nawab of Bengal (Siraj-Ud-Daulah) and his French Troop. Because it represented the beginning of the British government's final control in India, this fight is frequently referred to as the "decisive event." The conflict occurred in the latter Mughal Period, which is the latter phase of the Mughal Empire's rule. At the time of the Battle of Plassey, Alamgir-II, the second Mughal emperor, governed the Mughal Empire.

 

•    As Nawab of Bengal, Siraj-Ud-Daula succeeded his grandfather Alivardi Khan.

 

•    The year before, when he was appointed Nawab of Bengal, he gave the English the order to stop building fortifications.

 

•    Siraj-Ud-Daula was terrified of the British gaining authority in India after the British victory in the Carnatic wars.

 

•    Officials of the Company misused their access to trade in a way that hurt the nawab's finances. 

 

•    Officials of the Company misused their access to trade in a way that hurt the nawab's finances.

 

•    Calcutta was fortified by the English without the nawab's consent.

 

•    The Company attempted to deceive him even further and made matters worse by offering sanctuary to Krishna Das, the son of Raj Ballabh and a political exile who had fled with huge treasures against the nawab's wishes.

 

•    The Company, on the other hand, believed Siraj had teamed up with the French in Bengal to severely curtail its trade privileges.

 

•    Siraj's attack on and seizure of the English fort in Calcutta revealed their animosity as a result.

 

•    It is important to mention the widely reported "Black Hole Tragedy" here.

 

•    It is believed that Siraj-ud-Daulah imprisoned 146 English individuals and kept them in a cramped space where 123 of them perished from asphyxia.

 

•    On June 23, 1757, the Battle of Plassey took place in Bengal's Palashi area.

 

•    The landing in Calcutta of a sizable force under the command of Robert Clive from Madras improved the English position in Bengal.

 

•    With the help of the nawab's traitors, Mir Jafar, Rai Durlabh, Jagat Seth (a prominent banker in Bengal), and Omichand, Clive created a covert alliance.

 

•    As part of the deal, the Company would get compensation for its services and Mir Jafar would be made nawab.

 

•    English position was strengthened even further by the Company's secret association with the conspirators.

 

•    As a result, the outcome of the Battle of Plassey was decided before it even started.

 

•    The plot of the nawab's officials led to the defeat of Siraj's 50,000-strong force by a few of Clive's forces.

 

•    Siraj-ud-Daulah was captured and killed on orders from Miran, the son of Mir Jafar.

 

•    The English gained access to Bengal's abundant riches thanks to the Battle of Plassey.

 

•    After Plassey, the English essentially controlled all trade and business in Bengal.

 

•    He was Bengal's Nawab.

 

•    He participated in the Black-Hole Tragedy, which saw 146 English prisoners held in a cramped space and caused 123 of them to suffocate to death.

 

•    A result of the East India Company's widespread abuse of trading privileges.

 

•    He overran and took control of the English fort in Calcutta, revealing its animosity against the British.

 

•    He granted political exile Krishna Das shelter, which dismayed Siraj-Ud-Daulah.

 

•    Misapplied the trade rights.

 

•    Calcutta was fortified by him without the nawab's consent.

 

•    He oversaw the army of the Nawab as its commander.

 

•    The East India Company (EIC) was bribed by him.

 

•    For collaborating against Siraj-Ud-Daulah, EIC intended to elevate him to the rank of Nawab.

 

•    He deceived Siraj-Ud-Daulah throughout the conflict.

 

•    He was a general in the Nawab's army.

 

•    He joined Siraj-Ud-army Daulah's, but he did not fight, betraying Siraj in the process.

 

•    He was a powerful banker. 

 

•    He participated in the plot that led to Nawab Siraj-Ud-Daulah's detention and final murder.

 

•    He was a Bengali trader.

 

•    He signed the pact that Robert Clive negotiated before the Battle of Plassey in 1757 and was one of the principal organizers of the plot against the Nawab.

 

•    This victory led to Mir Jafar being named Nawab of Bengal.

 

•    Along with the zamindari of 24 Parganas, he provided the English substantial sums of money.

 

•    The Battle of Plassey, which is rightfully recognized as the start of British control in India, was politically crucial since it set the foundation for the British Empire there.

 

•    The conflict demonstrated English military dominance in Bengal.

 

•    Their greatest rivals, the French, were overthrown.

 

•    Their reputation increased, and they received territory to support a well-equipped armed force.

 

•    Even though Clive now held ultimate authority over all affairs and was completely reliant on his backing for Mir Jafar to remain in his newly gained position as nawab, there was no visible shift in the structure of governance.

 

•    As soon as the English obtained control of Calcutta, they placed a resident at the nawab's court.

 

•    The Battle of Plassey resulted in French soldiers' defeat.

 

•    Bengal's Nawab was named Mir Jafar.

 

•    In order to bolster his position because he was not happy with it, Mir Jafar ordered the Dutch to assault the British.

 

•    The Battle of Chinsura was fought between Dutch and British soldiers on November 25, 1759.

 

•    The British appointed Mir Qasim as the Nawab of Bengal.

 

•    In Bengal, the British established themselves as the preeminent European force.

 

•    After being made "Lord Clive" and made Baron of Plassey, Robert Clive was chosen to serve in the British House of Commons.

 

•    India's economy suffered significant damage.

 

•    Following the triumph, the British started imposing stringent laws and norms on the Bengali people in order to collect taxes.

 

•    Mir Jafar grew more upset by Mir Kasim's meddling with the Treaty of 1760.

 

•    He created a plot with the Dutch at Chinsura.

 

•    But English forces at Bedara in November 1759 humiliated and vanquished the Dutch.

 

•    Mir Jafar's betrayal and failure to fulfil Company payments infuriated the English.

 

•    In the meantime, Miran, Jafar's son, passed away, and Mir Kasim, Mir Jafar's son-in-law, and Miran's son got into a conflict about who would rule Bengal as nawab.

 

•    The Company and Mir Kasim signed a deal in 1760, and Vansittart, the new governor of Calcutta, promised to back Mir Kasim's claim.

 

The treaty's following elements were crucial:

1.    Mir Kasim consented to give the Company control over the Burdwan, Midnapur, and Chittagong districts.

 

2.    The Company would get half of the chunam trade from Sylhet.

 

3.    Mir Kasim consented to settle the Company's unpaid obligations.

 

4.    Mir Kasim pledged to support the Company's combat efforts in southern India with five lakh rupees.

 

5.    It was decided that the Company would be the friends of Mir Kasim and the enemies of the Company.

 

6.    It was agreed that neither the Company's lands nor those of the nawab's tenants would be open to settlement.

 

7.    Under pressure from the Company, Mir Jafar resigned in favor of Mir Kasim.

 

8.    A yearly pension of Rs. 1,500 was provided to Mir Jafar.

 

•    The most competent Alivardi Khan's successor was Mir Kasim.

 

•    After attaining control, Mir Kasim relocated the capital from Murshidabad to Munger in Bihar.

 

•    The choice was made to stay away from the Company in Calcutta for your own safety.

 

•    His other notable initiatives included revamping the army to increase its ability and efficiency and reorganizing the bureaucracy with persons of his choosing. 

 

Robert Clive's astounding victory at Plassey, where 3,000 British and sepoy troops destroyed Siraj-ud Daulah's 18,000-man Franco-Bengali army in about 40 minutes, marked the end of the fighting. Following the British victory at Plassey in 1757, India steadily came under their control and evolved into the most cherished possession of the empire. Few historical wars have had such wide-ranging effects.