Hartog Committee (1929): Educational Commission Under British

Findings

Recommendations

• The primary education system as it existed had serious flaws.
• Quantitative expansion of primary schools was insufficient; quality improvement was required.
• There was a lot of squandering and stagnation.
• Withdrawing children from a school at any stage was a waste of money and time because the money and time spent had not resulted in literacy for the children.
• The main reasons for the withdrawal of children were poverty, ignorance, caste barriers, religious conservatism, seasonal diseases, and agricultural failure.
• Stagnation was defined as children being held in the same classes for more than one academic year.
• This, in turn, resulted in the children's withdrawal from school.
• The reasons for such stagnation were that most schools were run by a single teacher, teachers were not well qualified, there was a shortage of female teachers, schools were frequently short-lived, and there was a lack of school inspection.

• The government should be in charge of primary school control and inspection.
• It stated that primary school should last four years.
• The school schedule and curriculum should be tailored to the environment and conditions of the community in which they are located, and the subjects chosen should be of practical value to the students.
• To improve the quality of primary school teachers, refresher courses and training programmes should be offered.
• The number and efficiency of school inspections should be increased.
• Primary schools should serve as community centres where people in rural areas can get adult education, medical care, and recreational opportunities.

Findings

Recommendations

• Secondary education's flaws included the fact that it was highly examination oriented, with a high number of failures in the matriculation examination.

• It advocated for the implementation of a more diverse curriculum.
• Students would benefit from the introduction of alternative courses in high schools because they would be able to choose courses based on their aptitude.
• The committee recommended that industrial and commercial subjects be included.

Findings

Recommendations

• Though the committee's primary focus was on primary education, it also assessed the state of higher education.
• It discovered that education was of poor quality, that universities were overcrowded, and that libraries were inadequately equipped.

• The committee recommended that, in addition to unitary and residential universities, affiliated universities be established, university libraries be improved, honours courses be opened, and students be admitted based on their abilities and aptitudes.
• The committee emphasised the importance of developing learned and liberal-minded individuals capable of taking on responsibilities.