Anglo-maratha Rivalry
Treaty of Salbai (1782):
- It marked the end of the first phase of the struggle between the Marathas and the British.
- The Treaty of Salbai was signed in May 1782; it was ratified by Hastings in June 1782. The treaty guaranteed peace between the two sides for twenty years.
- The main provisions of the Treaty of Salbai were:
o The whole of the territory conquered since the Treaty of Purandhar (1776) including Bassein should be restored to the Marathas
o The English should not offer any further support to Raghunathrao and the Peshwa should grant him maintenance allowance
o The Peshwa should not support any other European nation
Treaty of Bassein (1802):
- It was signed between the British East India Company and Baji Rao II, the Maratha Peshwa of Pune in 1802.
- As per the treaty, the Peshwa agreed to:
o Receive from the Company a native infantry with the usual proportion of field artillery and European artillerymen attached, to be permanently stationed in his territories
o Cede to the Company territories yielding an income of Rs 26 lakh
o Surrender the city of Surat
o Give up all claims for Chauth on the Nizam’s dominions
o Accept the Company’s arbitration in all differences between him and the Nizam or the Gaekwad
o Not to keep in his employment Europeans of any nation at war with the English
o Subject his relations with other states to the control of the English
o The Peshwa accepted the subsidiary alliance and the British made immense gains. The provision of keeping English troops permanently in Maratha territory was strategical. The Company already had troops in Mysore, Hyderabad, and Lucknow. The addition of Poona on the list meant that the Company’s troops were now more evenly spread and could be rushed to any place without much delay in times of need.